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Wikipedia:
John Arbuthnot (baptised 29 April 1667 – 27 February
1735), often known simply as Dr Arbuthnot, was a Scottish
physician, satirist and polymath in London.
He is best remembered for his contributions to mathematics, his
membership in the Scriblerus Club (where he inspired
both Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels book III
and Alexander Pope's Peri Bathous, Or the Art of Sinking in
Poetry, Memoirs of Martin Scriblerus, and possibly The
Dunciad), and for inventing the figure of John Bull...
...Arbuthnot
was one of the founding members of the Scriblerus Club, and was
regarded by the other wits of the group as the funniest, but he left
fewer literary remains than the other members. His satires are
written with an ease, a humanity, and an apparent sympathy. Swift and
Arbuthnot had similar styles in language (both preferred direct
sentences and clear vocabulary) with a feigned frenzy of lists
and taxonomies, and sometimes their works are attributed to each
other. The treatise on political lying, for example, has been
attributed to Swift in the past, although it was definitely
Arbuthnot's. Generally, Arbuthnot's writings are not as vicious or
nihilistic as Swift's, but they attack the same targets and both
refuse to hold up a set of positive norms for their readers.
Because
of Arbuthnot's own insistence on not being recognized, it is
difficult to speak definitively of his literary significance. Dr.
Johnson describes him as the 'most universal genius' and we know
that he was at the heart of many of the greatest satires of his age.
He was a conduit and source for a great many of the finest literary
accomplishments for over half a century of writing, but Arbuthnot was
zealous that he not receive credit.