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Wikipedia:
Thomas Jefferson (April 13 [O.S. April 2] 1743 – July 4, 1826) was
an American Founding Father who was principal author of the
Declaration of Independence (1776). He was elected the second Vice
President of the United States (1797–1801), serving under John
Adams and in 1800 was elected third President (1801–09). Jefferson
was a proponent of democracy, republicanism, and individual rights,
which motivated American colonists to break from Great Britain and
form a new nation. He produced formative documents and decisions at
both the state and national level...
...Jefferson
was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence. At age 33
he was one of the youngest delegates to the Second Continental
Congress beginning in 1775 at the outbreak of the American
Revolutionary War where a formal declaration of independence from
Britain was overwhelmingly favored. Jefferson chose his words for the
Declaration in June 1775 shortly after the war had begun where the
idea of Independence from Britain had long since become popular among
the colonies. He was also inspired by the Enlightenment ideals of the
sanctity of the individual as well as the writings of Locke and
Montesquieu...
...The declaration was
introduced on Friday, June 28, and congress began debate over its
contents on Monday, July 1. resulting in the omission of a fourth of
the text, including a passage critical of King George III and the
slave trade. While Jefferson resented the changes, he did not speak
publicly about the revisions. On July 4, 1776, the Congress ratified
the Declaration, and delegates signed it on August 2 and in doing so
were committing an act of treason against the Crown. Jefferson's
preamble is regarded as an enduring statement of human rights, and
the phrase "all men are created equal" has been called "one
of the best-known sentences in the English language" containing
"the most potent and consequential words in American history"...