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Wikipedia:
Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) was
the 33rd President of the United States (1945–53),
an American politician of the Democratic Party. He served as
a United States Senator from Missouri (1935–45) and
briefly as Vice President (1945) before he succeeded to the
presidency on April 12, 1945 upon the death of Franklin D.
Roosevelt. He was president during the final months of World War
II, making the decision to drop the atomic bomb onHiroshima and
Nagasaki. Truman was elected in his own right in 1948. He
presided over an uncertain domestic scene as America sought its path
after the war, and tensions with the Soviet Union increased,
marking the start of the Cold War...
...On
June 24, 1948, the Soviet Union blocked access to the
three Western-held sectors of Berlin. The Allies had never
negotiated a deal to guarantee supply of the sectors deep within the
Soviet-occupied zone. The commander of the American occupation zone
in Germany, General Lucius D. Clay, proposed sending a large
armored column across the Soviet zone to West Berlin with
instructions to defend itself if it were stopped or attacked. Truman
believed this would entail an unacceptable risk of war. He
approved Ernest Bevin's plan to supply the blockaded city
by air. On June 25, the Allies initiated the Berlin Airlift, a
campaign that delivered food and other supplies, such as coal, using
military aircraft on a massive scale. Nothing like it had ever been
attempted before, and no single nation had the capability, either
logistically or materially, to have accomplished it. The airlift
worked; ground access was again granted on May 11, 1949.
Nevertheless, the airlift continued for several months after that.
The Berlin Airlift was one of Truman's great foreign policy
successes; it significantly aided his election campaign in 1948...
...According
to historian Daniel R. McCoy in his book on the Truman presidency,
Harry Truman himself gave a strong and far-from-incorrect
impression of being a tough, concerned and direct leader. He was
occasionally vulgar, often partisan, and usually nationalistic... On
his own terms, Truman can be seen as having prevented the coming of a
third world war and having preserved from Communist oppression much
of what he called the free world. Yet clearly he largely failed to
achieve his Wilsonian aim of securing perpetual peace, making the
world safe for democracy, and advancing opportunities for individual
development internationally.